Electric mobility is no longer a distant dream or speculative idea. Today, there are already over 10 million electric vehicles (EVs) on the world’s roads, and this number is expected to soar past 100 million within the next decade. Electric cars are not just changing how we travel; they're playing a critical role in combating climate change and are driving global efforts to achieve long-term environmental goals.
Europe aims to become the first climate-neutral continent by 2050, a commitment solidified in 2019 through the European Green Deal—a series of policy initiatives designed to promote sustainability. Despite the importance of this initiative, our 2019 mobility monitor research revealed that while 60 percent of people felt reducing CO2 emissions was personally significant, only 10 percent were familiar with the European Green Deal.
Since the introduction of the EU Green Deal, many developments have taken place, but keeping up with all the changes can be overwhelming. This article aims to clarify the current state of the EU Green Deal, the Fit for 55 Package, and how these new regulations might affect EV drivers.
Climate change is a pressing issue that affects us all. The steady accumulation of greenhouse gases due to activities like burning fossil fuels leads to global warming and environmental degradation. By drastically cutting emissions of greenhouse gases, we can mitigate the risks of severe climate change.
Transportation contributes significantly to global emissions, accounting for 24 percent of direct CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, a figure that has been increasing annually by 1.9 percent since 2000. Fortunately, governments worldwide are implementing policies to reduce these emissions, such as zero-emission vehicle mandates and stricter CO2 standards. These efforts have led to a slight decrease in transport-related emissions in recent years, partly driven by the growing adoption of electric vehicles.
The European Green Deal, announced in 2019, marked a pivotal moment in European history. Described as "Europe’s man on the moon moment," it outlined a comprehensive plan for achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. Following a thorough assessment, it became evident that under current legislation, the EU would only achieve a 60 percent net emission reduction by 2050. Consequently, the EU set an interim target of reducing emissions by 55 percent by 2030 to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. In July 2021, the European Commission introduced the "Fit for 55 Package" to address these goals.
The Fit for 55 Package is a collection of policy initiatives aimed at helping Europe achieve a 55 percent net emission reduction by 2030. As EU Green Deal chief Frans Timmermans stated, "We have to shift the whole of our economy into a higher gear. Fit for 55 will align our laws with our ambition."
The Fit for 55 Package consists of two parts. The first set of proposals, comprising 13 legislative actions, was released in July 2021, with the second part expected in December 2021. These proposals include revisions to existing EU laws such as the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), the Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) Regulation, and the Energy Taxation Directive. Additionally, new legislative proposals were introduced, including a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and a Climate Action Social Facility.
The Fit for 55 Package places a strong emphasis on electric mobility, aiming to reduce emissions from road transport, which accounted for 72 percent of all domestic and international transport GHGs in 2019. Key aspects of the package include accelerating the rollout of charging infrastructure, making electric driving more accessible, and establishing clear phase-out dates for fossil fuels.
One of the most significant changes involves the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation, which updates the 2014 Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive. This revision introduces binding targets for EV charging infrastructure and enhances the user-friendliness of recharging stations. The Renewable Energy Directive has also been updated to increase the EU's renewable energy share to 40 percent by 2030, introducing mechanisms to boost renewable electricity usage in transport.
The CO2 emission standards for cars and vans Regulation sets ambitious targets for reducing emissions, with a full phase-out of internal combustion engine vehicles by 2035. Before becoming law, all proposals must undergo an extensive legislative process involving the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. While the exact implementation timeline is still uncertain, we can expect all proposals to be adopted as laws before the end of 2022.
For EV drivers, the implications are significant. The clear phase-out date for ICE vehicles will encourage greater adoption of EVs, while the revised Alternative Fuels Directive will ensure consistent standards across the EU. Improved charging infrastructure, smarter charging capabilities, and enhanced user experiences will make electric driving more appealing and practical.
In conclusion, the Fit for 55 Package represents a crucial step towards a sustainable future. By setting ambitious targets and fostering innovation, the EU is paving the way for widespread EV adoption and a cleaner, greener transportation system.
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