From the 1st to the 12th of this month, there was only one day of mild pollution in the third grade, and the remaining 11 days were excellent weather. The PM2.5 concentration decreased by 55% compared with the same period of last year. The emission reduction measures such as coal control, vehicle control, industrial control, and dust control have achieved remarkable results. However, the source of PM2.5 in this city has changed significantly, and the contribution rate of motor vehicle emissions has reached nearly 50%. In this regard, Li Kunsheng, director of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Management Division, said that the next step will be to actively study measures to reduce the intensity of motor vehicle use, including the implementation of traffic congestion fees, fuel sewage charges, and millions of vehicles in the country and the country will strengthen control. And even take limit measures.
In the first 12 days, almost all the good days of emission reduction measures can reduce the two pollution levels. According to Zhang Dawei, director of the Beijing Environmental Monitoring Center, from November 1st to 12th, the city's air quality level is superior to 4 days, and the second level is 7 Days, three levels of mild pollution is only one day. From the situation in the previous 12 days, almost all of them are fine weather.
The results of the air quality meeting before the APEC meeting showed that the air quality in Beijing may reach moderate or even heavy pollution levels from the 8th to the 11th. From the actual situation, the air is quiet in the past few days, which is not conducive to the spread of pollutants, and the concentration of PM2.5 has risen. The satellite remote sensing monitoring map showed that at noon on the 9th, there was a brief heavy polluted weather in the south of Beijing, including Tianjin, southern Hebei and Shandong provinces, but the pollutants did not spread to Beijing and north. "passing by" with heavy pollution. Overall, due to the largest reduction in emissions, the effect is remarkably reflected, and the air quality during the APEC meeting is maintained at the second-level level.
The Beijing Environmental Monitoring Center conducted a data simulation analysis. From January 8 to 17, 2013, it was a typical and extreme static weather process. If environmental protection measures during the APEC meeting were taken during this time, then Significantly reduce the concentration of PM2.5, wherein the average concentration of PM2.5 from 10 to 14 days can be reduced from 306 μg/m 3 to 200 μg/m 3 , and the pollution level can be reduced by one to two grades, that is, from Heavy pollution falls to mild pollution.
Motor vehicles accounted for nearly 50% of the PM2.5 source congestion charges, sewage charges are being researched and implemented. The latest analysis of the Beijing Environmental Monitoring Center shows that the source of PM2.5 in Beijing has changed significantly. Among the average PM2.5 sources in the whole year last year, motor vehicle emissions accounted for 31.1%; while the contribution rate of motor vehicles during the APEC meeting increased significantly, reaching 47.3%. At present, fuel emissions such as gasoline, diesel and non-road machinery are not only the largest sources of PM2.5 local pollution emissions in Beijing, but the contribution rate has already accounted for nearly half.
During the APEC meeting, environmental protection measures for motor vehicles included the elimination of old motor vehicles, the restriction of single and double numbers, the suspension of buses, and the suspension of some non-road machinery. The analysis shows that these measures have caused a significant drop in the total amount of pollutants emitted by motor vehicles. Among them, nitrogen oxides reduce emissions by 44%, fine particulate matter by 58%, and volatile organic compounds by 49%. When the motor vehicle single and double number limit is exercised, the road network speed will increase from 22km/h to 35-50km/h.
According to Li Kunsheng, director of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Management Department, during the implementation of the single and double number limit, more than 98% of the vehicles can follow the rules and drive the road, and the bus stop rate reaches 74%, making an important contribution to emission reduction. With the increase of the contribution rate of motor vehicles to PM2.5, the next step will be to actively study measures to reduce the use intensity of motor vehicles, including the implementation of traffic congestion fees, fuel sewage charges, and improve vehicle emission standards and oil quality standards.
In addition, Li Kunsheng said that there are currently 400,000 national standard vehicles and 600,000 national standard vehicles in the city. If these vehicles are replaced by the national five standards, they can also achieve the emission reduction effect during the APEC meeting. To this end, in the future, the elimination of old cars will be further strengthened. The national one car will adopt the same restrictions as the yellow standard car, and at the same time strengthen the control of the national standard vehicles.
"People work hard" to reduce PM2.5 by 55%
The six provinces and municipalities jointly controlled the joint play to play an important role. During the APEC meeting guarantee period, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas jointly launched emission reduction measures, so that the PM2.5 concentration decreased by 55% compared with the same period of last year. The regional joint defense joint control played an important role. . The concentration of atmospheric PM2.5 in the surrounding areas of Beijing has decreased in different degrees, and the air quality has been significantly improved.
PM2.5 is a typical regional air pollutant, and the regional transmission characteristics are obvious. From an annual perspective, the impact of regional pollution transport on PM2.5 in Beijing accounts for 28% to 36%. To this end, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other six provinces and municipalities have initiated joint prevention and control measures. The results of remote sensing monitoring of atmospheric environment show that atmospheric PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas have declined to varying degrees.
During the conference guarantee period, the city's construction site operation stoppage, strengthening the road sweeping and sweeping frequency and other strong measures, the road dust residuals significantly reduced, the city's total dust emissions decreased by more than 70%, the intuitive feeling is that the city has become clean, dust control The emission reduction effect of the measures is immediate.
In addition, through the completion of a number of petrochemical, automobile manufacturing, packaging and printing and other key industries pollution control and environmental protection technology reform projects, the withdrawal of 375 high-polluting enterprises, the cumulative suspension of production of 462 industrial enterprises during the meeting, etc. The PM2.5 generated by the conversion plays an important role.
However, in the context of a significant reduction in the concentration of PM2.5, the contribution rate of the three-product service industry such as motor vehicle emissions and catering has increased significantly. The latest analysis of PM2.5 sources in Beijing shows that the contribution rate of motor vehicle emissions accounts for 47.3%, which is 16% higher than last year. For the first time, the contribution of the three industries of catering and auto repair accounts for 11%. rise.
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