Zhou Shengxian, the director of the State Environmental Protection Administration, emphasized at a recent meeting of the National Bureau of Environmental Protection that in 2008, China’s environmental protection efforts would be significantly strengthened. The focus would be on reducing pollution through more effective measures, particularly targeting sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand (COD) emissions.
He stressed the importance of implementing the "Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction" with greater determination. Key strategies included structural, engineering, and management-based emission reductions. The goal was to achieve a 6% reduction in sulfur dioxide emissions and a 5% drop in COD compared to 2005 levels by the end of 2008.
In terms of structural adjustments, China aimed to shut down 13 million kilowatts of small thermal power units, eliminate 6 million tons of steel production capacity, 50 million tons of cement, and 14 million tons of outdated ironmaking facilities. Environmental agencies were urged to strictly enforce industry policies and ensure the smooth implementation of these closures.
On the engineering front, the country planned to increase urban sewage treatment capacity by 12 million tons daily. By 2008 and 2009, 36 large and medium-sized cities would achieve full sewage collection and treatment. Additionally, coal-fired power plants would complete the installation of desulfurization facilities for over 30 million kilowatts of units, along with finishing 10 flue gas desulfurization projects for sintering machines of 1,000 square meters.
Regarding management measures, environmental supervision would be intensified. Enterprises failing to meet environmental standards would face production limits, shutdowns, or forced rectification. Industries such as chemicals and paper, which exceed pollutant discharge limits, would be subject to stricter controls. The use of toxic substances would be monitored, and mandatory clean production audits would be enforced.
Despite the targets set under the Eleventh Five-Year Plan—aiming for a 10% overall reduction in major pollutants, or about 2% annually—the data from 2006 showed that emissions were still rising. Chemical oxygen demand increased by 1%, and sulfur dioxide rose by 1.5%. Although both saw declines of 4.6% and 11.6% respectively from the previous year, they fell short of the annual target. However, in the first three quarters of 2007, national emissions of the two main pollutants decreased for the first time, with sulfur dioxide down 1.81% and COD down 0.28% year-on-year. This marked a positive shift in China's environmental strategy.
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