Machine tool industry in the world is welcoming the Asian era

Wang Zhengqing, chief executive of the Taiwan Machine Tool Development Foundation, believes that the global machine tool production base can be divided into three major regions: the European Union, Asia, and the Americas. The European Union takes the European Machine Tool Association as the most representative organization. According to the 2007 production and sales statistics of the organization, the European Union’s output value accounts for 43% of the global output value. The Asian machine tool output ranks first in the world, accounting for 48% of the world. Major producers include Japan, China, and South Korea. America mainly refers to North America, the United States, Canada, Mexico and South America, Brazil, Argentina, etc., which together account for 9% of the global total output value. In addition, Eastern Europe also has a machine tool industry. However, after the disintegration of Eastern Europe, the machine tool output value is very low. Even if the machine tool output value of other regions is added, it only accounts for 1% of global output value. The three major production bases are also the three major consumer markets. At present, Europe is still the world's major consumer market. In 2007, its consumption amounted to US$23 billion, accounting for 34% of global consumption. The main reason was that European countries had high rates of mutual purchases. In other words, EU members had already created regions within their internal procurement. The complementary effects of sex. Consumption in Asia and Oceania has already topped the list. In 2007, consumption reached 33 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 49% of global spending. This reflects the very frequent trade in Asian machine tools. The reason is that the level of development of machine tools in Asian countries is uneven. The Americas is the third largest consumer market. In 2007, consumption reached 10.8 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 16% of global consumption. The reason is that the United States and Canada are industrialized advanced countries, while Central and South America are mostly newly developing industrialized countries. Therefore, their demand is still dominated by North America. Coupled with the limited production value in the Americas, they need to import a large number of machine tools from Europe and Asia. , America has become the world's second largest import market.

According to Luo Baihui, executive secretary general of the International Die & Metals and Plastics Industry Suppliers Association, the most representative countries for machine tool production and sales in the world are mainly located in Western Europe, East Asia and North America. The global machine tool output value reached approximately 71 billion U.S. dollars in 2007. In terms of import and export value, the export value in 2007 was 39 billion U.S. dollars and the import value was 36 billion U.S. dollars. The top ten gross production amounts to 63 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 89% of the world's total production and sales; the top ten exporting countries have a total export value of 33.7 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 86% of the world's total export value; the top ten importing countries have a total import value of 26.3 billion U.S. dollars, It accounted for 73% of the total global export volume; the total consumption of the top ten consumer countries was 54.7 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 82% of the total global consumption.

The global metal processing machine tool industry has generally gone out of recession. In 2010, the production value of 28 major machine tool producing countries and regions in the world reached 66.3 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 21% from the 54.7 billion U.S. dollars in 2009. In the process of recovery of the world machine tool industry, China plays a leading role. According to Luo Baihui, executive director general of the International Die and Hardware & Plastic Industry Suppliers Association, China has become the world's largest machine tool consumer and importer country for many years, and since 2009, it has become the world's largest producer. In 2010, the output value of China's machine tools was 20.9 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 35% year-on-year, accounting for 31% of the world's 28 major machine tool producing countries and regions with a total output value of 66.3 billion U.S. dollars.

China: First place in global consumption

China's machine tool factories belonged to the state-owned enterprises in the early stage, and their scale was too large. The top ten companies had more than 10,000 employees, but only 60% of them were production-related personnel. The burden was heavy and the production efficiency was not easy to increase. The main demand was domestic demand. The main growth method is that the export ratio is relatively low, accounting for only 15% to 20% of the total production value. According to Luo Baihui, executive director general of the International Die & Metals and Plastics Industry Suppliers Association, Chinese machine tools have experienced the early German model, followed closely with the Eastern European Group, and most of their product designs are of Eastern European style. The structural design is biased towards heavy pressure. In recent years, the domestic machine tool design gradually learns the design concepts of Japan and the United States, and takes the automobile, mold, electronics and other industries as the main customers. In addition, the use of technical cooperation or the introduction of foreign investment to attract Japanese and Taiwanese companies to set up factories in the mainland, since the second half of 1999, the industry situation has gradually improved, after 2000, the domestic machine tool companies vigorously reform, redundant redundant, some companies to reduce the six Become the above person. The recent rise of private enterprises is very streamlined, often with only a few hundred people, and the output value has increased year by year. Great progress has been made in the past five years. At the same time, due to strong domestic demand, China's machine tool imports and consumption rank first in the world.

In recent years, the demand for major equipment manufacturing industries such as defense, aviation, high-speed railways, automobiles, and molds has increased significantly, which has led to a significant increase in the machine tool industry. The CAGR of China’s CNC machine tools has averaged 37.39% in the past five years. The average annual compound growth in the past 10 years was 29.94%, and the compound growth in the past 15 years was 22.10%. Driven by the revitalization of the equipment manufacturing industry and the transfer of international industries, the growth rate of China’s investment in equipment and tool purchases will continue to be around 20% in the next 5 to 10 years. The demand for the machine tool industry will continue to grow at a high rate. As production and imports have increased substantially, China's machine tool consumption continues to expand, reaching 28.48 billion U.S. dollars, and it has remained the world's largest machine tool consumer for nine consecutive years. In terms of amount, there are nearly five units in the world for every ten machine tools consumed in China. The second and third positions are Germany's 5 billion U.S. dollars and the U.S. 2.7 billion U.S. dollars. According to Luo Baihui, executive secretary general of International Die & Metal & Plastics Industry Suppliers Association, driven by the demand, the output of CNC machine tools in China has maintained rapid growth. With the deepening of economic restructuring, the growth of listed companies in CNC machine tools and CNC system equipment has grown rapidly. It is expected to continue. In 2010, China's CNC metal-cutting machine tools grew significantly, with output increasing by 66.71% year-on-year, an increase of 67.17 percentage points over the previous year. In the past 10 years, the average annual compound growth rate of China's CNC metal-cutting machine tool production was 31.93%. The growth data for 2010 means that the development of CNC metal cutting machine tools has entered a new phase.

In 2010, CNC machine tools consumed more than 6 billion U.S. dollars and the number of machines exceeded 100,000 units, indicating that CNC machine tools have become the mainstream of machine tool consumption. China's future market for CNC machine tools is huge.

On the export side, except for a small number of high-end and heavy-duty machine tools, they may continue to make breakthroughs and enter the international market; middle and low-end CNC machine tools, high-quality ordinary machine tools suitable for user needs, and metal cutting tools and abrasive tools, forging and stamping tools, machine tool accessories And so on, will still be favored by the international market and users. China's machine tool exports increased by 31% to 1.85 billion U.S. dollars, ranking sixth in the world. However, the export of Chinese machine tools only accounts for 9% of the output value, which is far lower than that of other major machine tool producing countries and regions in the world. One reason is that the company's domestic orders are full, and another reason may be that China's efforts and channels to develop the international machine tool market is not enough.

On the import side, during the period from 2002 to 2005, imported machine tools accounted for 62% of China's machine tool consumption. During the period from 2006 to 2010, China's domestic machine tool companies and some foreign-funded machine tool companies gradually increased their market share. In 2010, imported machine tools accounted for 33% of consumption. It is expected that the proportion of imports of large heavy-duty machine tools and expensive machine tools may continue to decline, and the import of key components required for domestic enterprises to develop high-end machine tools and heavy-duty machine tools will increase. Luo Baihui, executive director general of the International Die and Hardware & Plastic Industry Suppliers Association pointed out that as a category of equipment manufacturing industry, the development of the machine tool industry, especially CNC machine tools, will be strongly supported by downstream demand. According to the “High-end CNC Machine Tools and Basic Manufacturing Equipment” special plan, by 2020, about 80% of the high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment required for aerospace, shipbuilding, automobile, and power generation equipment manufacturing will be based in China, and the development space for China's machine tool industry in the future It is very broad, and the import and export of China's machine tools and tools industry will continue to grow, and the structure of import and export products will improve, leading to the recovery of the European machine tool industry.

In addition to the major projects that have already been initiated, they have set clear goals for the production of high-end CNC machine tools, and high-end CNC machine tools have also been incorporated into the key projects of the 12th Five-Year Plan for high-end equipment manufacturing. The reporter learned that the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" for high-end equipment manufacturing clearly defines intelligent equipment manufacturing as one of the key development directions, with special reference to high-end CNC machine tools.

Li Jingming, deputy secretary-general of the China Machine Tool & Tooling Industry Association, said recently that the downstream industries of China's machine tool industry, such as aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, power, energy, automobiles, rail transit, high-speed railways, and defense industry, will be in the "12th Five-Year Plan" period. Even for a longer period of time, large-scale and deep-level structural adjustments will be carried out, which will bring tremendous opportunities to the machine tool industry. In the context of this industrial upgrading, Li Jingming predicted that the demand for high-end CNC machine tools will continue to rise, and the demand for medium and low-end machine tool products will continue to decline.

In addition, import substitution factors will also effectively drive demand for high-end CNC machine tools. According to data from the China Machine Tool Industry Association, in 2010, China imported 15.72 billion U.S. dollars worth of machine tools for the year, a record high, of which metal processing machines (mainly medium-to-high-end machine tools) were 9.42 billion yuan, an increase of 59.8% year-on-year, much higher than that of domestic metals. 35.1% growth rate of processing machine tools. This comparison of data shows that domestic demand for machine tool products is very strong, and domestic machine tool companies are expected to obtain alternative import opportunities.

Japan: Mainly attack the IT mold industry

According to statistics, the total output value of Japan's machine tools in 2007 reached 14.4 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 20.3% of the world's total output value. Ranked second in the world in terms of exports, it reached US$7.6 billion, accounting for 19.4% of the total global exports. Japan rarely imports machine tools. In 2007, its import value was 780 million U.S. dollars, accounting for only 2.2% of the world's total imports. In 2007, Japan’s machine tool consumption amounted to US$7.6 billion, ranking second in the world, accounting for 11.4% of total global consumption, ranking eighth in the world in terms of average annual consumption, and spending an average of US$60 per person per year.

In the past ten years, Japan ranks first in global machine tool production, which accounts for about 20% of the global output value ratio. In the past two years, the world's machine tool production saw a growth. In 2009, the production value of machine tools in the world's 28 major machine tool manufacturing countries and regions fell by 32%. As the economies of major machine tool manufacturing countries and regions are recovering, the delivery value of machine tools in 2010 reached US$66.3 billion, an increase of 21% compared with 2009 US$54.7 billion. In some countries, the fluctuations are quite large. For example, in Japan, the decline was very serious in 2009, but the rebound in 2010 was as high as 69%, regaining the second largest value of metal processing machine tools in the world. Japan started with general-purpose machine tools and focused on machine parts processing. Users mainly came from the automotive industry and covered high-tech fields such as aerospace and defense. In recent years, Japanese machine tools have begun to attack mold and IT industries.

Germany: expensive and long lead times

After the merger of Germany and East Germany, the global machine tool industry’s share has surged, but due to overall conditions, it has not yet surpassed Japan. In 2007, the German machine tool output value reached 12.7 billion U.S. dollars, ranking second in the world, accounting for 17.9% of global output value, ranking first in the world in terms of exports, export value of 9.1 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 23.4% of the world's total exports, German machine tools The import ranks third in the world, with an import value of US$37, accounting for approximately 10.3%. Germany's financial crisis in 2009 was less severe than Japan's, but its output value continued to decline by 10%. In 2010, orders from Germany have also picked up, but mainly due to long-term delivery of special machine tools and large-scale high-end equipment, products that may be delayed until 2011. Due to the supply of parts and labor shortages, the output value of German machine tools also decreased by 10% year-on-year. It is expected that Germany's rebound will lag behind. German machine tools are mainly based on special planes. They are characterized by small quantities, but their value and precision are very high. They are products that the world's most advanced customers and large companies that can afford them are most expected to purchase.

Due to the high quality and tailor-made, German machine tools are expensive and have a long delivery time, and the operator's requirements are demanding. General customers cannot use German machine tools. At present, German manufacturers are also considering mass production methods to compete with Japan, South Korea, and China Taiwan, and to use satellite plants in Eastern Europe in order to achieve the goal of reducing costs and foreign competition.

Italy: Insufficient influence in Asia Pacific

The Italian machine tool industry has long been ranked second only to Germany in Europe. In 2007, the Italian machine tool industry output value was 7.2 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for approximately 10.2% of the world's total output value. In 2007, its export value reached 4.2 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 10.7% of the world's total export value. In the same year, its import value was about 2 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 5.5% of the total global machine tool import value. Italian machine tools are mainly exported to Europe and South America. Currently, they are actively expanding into the Eastern European market, and their influence in the Asia-Pacific region is obviously insufficient. Sales volume has a downward trend.

The market positioning of Italian machine tool products is slightly lower than that of Germany and Switzerland, with medium-end products as the mainstay. On the models, special machine tools and special machine tools are featured. The main market is the most representative of the country's automotive industry. Others include machining and grinding tools. As for the IT industry, where demand has soared in recent years, Italian machine tools are obviously challenged by Asian machine tools. Coupled with the lack of energy in Europe's own IT industry, Italian machine tools are not as convenient as manufacturers in North America and Asia.

According to the preliminary statistics of the Italian Machine Tool, Robotics and Automation System Manufacturers Association, Italy's total output value of this industry in 2010 was approximately 4.23 billion Euros, an increase of 3.3% over the same period of 2009. In 2010, Italian manufacturers' sales in the country amounted to 1.625 billion euros, an increase of 3.8% from the same period of last year. During the same period, the export volume was 2.605 billion euros, an increase of only 3.1% year-on-year. Statistics from January to September 2010 show that the total value of Italian machine tools exported to China exceeds 270 million euros, surpassing Germany to become the largest export market for the Italian machine tool industry, and the US market ranks third. It is noteworthy that Italian machine tools have fallen in sales from traditional export markets such as Germany, the United States and France, but India (83.8% year-on-year), Russia (16.4%), Iran (312.5%) and Brazil Emerging markets such as (47.7%) have seen significant growth.

South Korea: Mainly for large companies

The output value of the Korean machine tool industry is actually comparable to that of China's Taiwan, and even slightly lower. This is mainly due to the fact that some large Korean companies have also included the production and sales of automation and related equipment into the production and sales of machine tools. In 2007, the output value of machine tools in Korea ranked fifth in the world, reaching US$4.5 billion, accounting for 6.4% of global output value; ranking sixth in exports, export value of US$1.8 billion, accounting for 6% of global export value; Seven, import value of 1.4 billion US dollars, accounting for 3.9% of the world; consumption of 4.1 billion US dollars, accounting for 6.2% of the world.

The Korean machine tool industry is dominated by large corporations. Representative machine tool groups such as Doosan, Hyundai, and Izumi, and their industries span various industries such as automobiles and heavy machinery, and are large in production. They have entered the world's top 20 ranks. The overseas marketing of Korean machine tools mainly depends on the global investment of its large companies, such as the export of Korean machine tools to overseas markets through the overseas production of the Korean automobile industry. The leading products of the Korean machine tool industry are mainly CNC lathes and machining centers for automobiles.

Taiwan, China: Export-oriented

The Taiwanese machine tool industry in China is comparable to South Korea in terms of output value. In 2007, the output value reached 4.38 billion U.S. dollars, which may account for 6.2% of the world's total output value. Its products are exported from 75% to 80%; in 2007, the export value ranked fourth in the world, being 3.4 billion U.S. dollars, which may account for approximately 8.7% of the world's total export value; In 2007, the value of imports ranked fourth in the world, reaching US$2.8 billion, accounting for 7.8% of the global value of imports.

Taiwanese machine tool products in China have been positioned at the mid-end for nearly 10 years. Basically, they are still based on general-purpose machines. Recently, some manufacturers have also used special machine tools as upgrade targets. In terms of customers, we mainly focus on small and medium-sized enterprises. In terms of applicable industries, we mainly focus on machining. It is very difficult for China's Taiwanese machine tools to enter the auto industry. In recent years, the machine tool manufacturers in the region have been fully attacking the mold and 3C industry, and they hope to occupy a large market in these emerging fields.

As far as competitors are concerned, Taiwanese machine tools in China have been killing Japanese products for many years. On the other hand, South Korea has increasingly become a competitor for Taiwan's machine tools. However, in the mid-market, for the sake of high quality and low price, Chinese Taiwanese products are still small and medium-sized enterprises. The first choice.

Switzerland: high precision, high quality

The Swiss machine tool industry has maintained its top ten position in the global rankings for a long time. In 2007, the Swiss machine tool output value was 3.3 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for approximately 4.7% of the world's total output value, and its export ratio accounted for 70% to 75% of the output value, which is a country with a high global export rate. In 2007, Swiss machine tool exports ranked fifth in the world, with an export value of US$ 2.46 billion, accounting for 6.3% of global exports. In 2007, its import value was about 420 million U.S. dollars, accounting for 1.2% of the global import value. In 2007, Swiss machine tools consumed 1.28 billion US dollars, accounting for 1.9% of global spending. If calculated in per capita annual consumption, Switzerland is the world’s largest, with per capita annual consumption of US$172.

The positioning of Swiss products is very clear, that is, high precision, high quality, special features and specifications. Customers using Swiss machine tools almost all have special requirements for specifications, that is, they must be tailor-made and have high precision requirements, and products that cannot be purchased elsewhere in the world. Needless to say, Swiss machine tools are also very expensive.

U.S.: High degree of marketization

The US market is relatively open, with machine tool imports accounting for 77% of consumption. In 2010, although imports fell slightly, it still ranks after China as the world's second largest machine tool importer. The order is Germany, South Korea and India. U.S. machine tool exports increased by 12%, and the trade deficit was 726 million U.S. dollars, which was lower than the 2009 deficit. In 2009, the deficit was as high as 1 billion U.S. dollars. Ten years ago, the United States was the world's largest machine tool consumer, far higher than Germany. Since then, the consumption of machine tools in the United States has been declining year by year. In 2010, it consumed 2.75 billion U.S. dollars, a year-on-year decrease of 15%, and fell from the third place in the global machine tool consumption in 2009 to the sixth place. The consumption amount is only 2/5 of the US$6.77 billion in the highest year in 2000. At present, the output value of U.S. machine tools is still severely declining and has dropped to eighth place behind Italy, South Korea, China Taiwan and Switzerland. The American Machine Tool Industry Representative Association can be roughly divided into two categories, one is the producer association AMT, and the other is the agency association AMTDA. In 2007, the U.S. machine tool output value was 3.6 billion U.S. dollars, the export value was 1.6 billion U.S. dollars, the annual import value was 4.2 billion U.S. dollars, and the total consumption was 6.2 billion U.S. dollars. The United States is the second largest import market in the world. Its market capacity is huge and high, medium and low-grade products are popular. The U.S. machine tool market has a high degree of transparency and strong consumerism. Therefore, prices have become a weapon of competition. At the IMTS exhibition held every other year, exhibitors directly price their machine tools.

The United States provides policy protection for its defense and aerospace-related machine tool plants. General manufacturers cannot enter the market. These two areas focus on the cutting-edge products of American machine tools. In addition, the main customers of American machine tools come from the automotive industry, and the entire set of products produced by the United States is sought after by its domestic customers. Products from other countries are difficult to access.

In recent years, American machine tool manufacturers have concentrated their energies on attacking low-end and mid-range products. The production of mid-range products has not been small, which has caused great impact on Japan, China, Taiwan, and South Korea.

India: Considerable development prospects for machine tool industry in the next 10 years

In Asia, India’s gross domestic product has grown by 5%-9%, making it the second fastest growing economy in the world. The rapid economic growth in India mainly comes from the drive of agriculture, services, manufacturing, trade and construction. In order to restore industrial growth and maintain this momentum, the Indian government has taken a series of positive responses. In the coming years, the Indian machine tool industry will strive to achieve an annual growth rate of 35%, and export will account for more than 30% of the output value, and will continue to maintain its low-cost advantage. According to forecasts, the output value of the Indian machine tool industry will increase from Rs. 14.25 billion in the fiscal year 2008-2009 to Rs. 31 billion in the 2010-2011 fiscal year. Due to the economic recovery and the prosperity of the automotive and parts industries, the volume of orders has increased significantly. In two years, the growth rate of the Indian machine tool output reached 117.5%. By 2020, the size of the industry will reach Rs. 230 billion. In order to develop Indian machine tool technology, increase production, reduce dependence on imports, provide continuous manufacturing competitiveness and enhance national security, the Indian Machine Tool Industry Association has made the localization rate of Indian machine tools increased to 50% by 2020. Increased to 67%, the industry's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for the next 10 years will reach 25%. For this reason, the Indian machine tool industry needs to invest 40 billion rupees in the next 10 years in order to strengthen technology research and development to enhance the competitiveness of the industry.

At present, the Indian machine tool industry has 450 machine tool manufacturing companies, of which about 33% (about 150 machine tool manufacturing companies) are within the scope of government-owned companies. In addition, India's ten major machine tool builders account for almost 70% of the value of Indian machine tools. The Hindustan Machine Tool Co., Ltd. owned by the Indian government alone accounts for 32% of the output value of the Indian machine tool industry. About 75% of India's machine tool producers are eager to obtain the certification of Indian machine tool products by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). When the products of large machine tool manufacturers meet the needs of India's heavy industry, the products of small-scale machine tool companies meet the needs of other companies.

The Indian machine tool industry is basically similar to industrial developed countries. It started late but has a high starting point. The factory buildings are not large but they are all steel structures. Most of them are built with three-dimensional magazines; the products are all CNC machine tools with mid-range and above, and they do not meet the needs of India for manufacturing five-axis and large CNC machine tools. There are not many employees, but the proportion of technical personnel and sales personnel is high, and English and computers are generally mastered. Computer applications are very popular. The per capita annual sales income of these companies is about 80,000 to 90,000 U.S. dollars, about 600,000 yuan. The company attaches great importance to export and overseas market development, to adapt to India's national conditions, attach importance to the implementation of turnkey projects to users, and pay attention to user services. The enterprise attaches importance to the construction of corporate culture and humanistic management, and pays attention to improving the cohesion of the enterprise.

Affected by the strong growth of imports and exports in China, India and other Asian markets, all European industrial products have seen an increase. In the first half of 2010, EU-27 exports to China increased by approximately 40% year-on-year.

In spite of this, the current overall economic situation in Europe is not optimistic. After the economic recession, the euro zone fell into a sovereign debt crisis, dragging down the pace of economic recovery. According to the analysis of the European Machine Tool Industry Cooperation Council (CECIMO), orders for European machine tools started to rebound in the fourth quarter of 2009 and continued for most of 2010. In the first three quarters of 2010, European machine tool orders increased by nearly 60% compared to the same period in 2009. Among them, we are aware of the core drivers of exports to Asia. Although the recovery is still continuing, the current industry output is still lower than the pre-crisis level.

Throughout the product export line, exports of advanced technology products ranked first. In the first half of 2010, about 60% of EU27 countries’ machinery and vehicle products were exported to China. In the machinery industry, especially the machine tool industry, the product value mainly comes from R&D and design. European industrial strategies must ensure high investment in high value-added products.